[et_pb_section fb_built=“1″ _builder_version=“4.7.3″ _module_preset=“default“ background_color=“#000000″][et_pb_row module_id=“aaa“ _builder_version=“4.7.3″ _module_preset=“default“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″ _builder_version=“4.7.3″ _module_preset=“default“][et_pb_image src=“https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/11_goya_das_massaker_beltracchi.jpg“ title_text=“11_goya_das_massaker_beltracchi“ _builder_version=“4.7.3″ _module_preset=“default“ hover_enabled=“0″ sticky_enabled=“0″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.7.3″ _module_preset=“default“ text_text_color=“#f4f4f4″ header_2_font=“||||||||“ header_2_text_color=“#ce1b18″ custom_margin=“||101px||false|false“ text_font_size_tablet=“14px“ text_font_size_phone=““ text_font_size_last_edited=“on|tablet“ header_2_text_shadow_style=“none“]<\/p>\n
Wolfgang Beltracchi, 2018 [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.7.3″ _module_preset=“default“ text_text_color=“#f4f4f4″ header_2_font=“||||||||“ header_2_text_color=“#ce1b18″ text_font_size_tablet=“14px“ text_font_size_phone=““ text_font_size_last_edited=“on|tablet“ header_2_text_shadow_style=“none“]<\/p>\n \u00bbOn 1 January, 1804, after thirteen years of revolution, Haiti proclaimed independence from France and became a free and sovereign black nation\u2014the first and only one to have permanently overthrown slavery at that time, and the second, after the United States, to have achieved independence in the colonial Atlantic. On the night of 22 August, 1791, when the slaves rose in rebellion against their white masters, they took their destiny into their own hands and embarked on a historically unprecedented journey to freedom. In the face of widespread slave insurrection and foreign invasion, the French government formally abolished slavery on 4 February, 1794, opening the way for the rise to power of Toussaint Louverture, a former slave and now the colony\u2019s most formidable revolutionary black leader. In 1801, he promulgated a constitution to create a self-governing black state and make himself governor for life. Napoleon Bonaparte\u2019s project to restore slavery and the slave trade in 1802 led to a massive military expedition, precipitating a total war for independence. Although Toussaint had been captured and deported, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, second in command, continued the war to defeat and mercilessly expel the French in the name of liberty, racial equality, and nationhood. He became Haiti\u2019s first independence ruler.\u00ab<\/p>\n Professor Carolyn Fick, Universit\u00e9 Concordia, Montreal <\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=“4.7.3″ _module_preset=“default“ text_text_color=“#f4f4f4″ header_2_font=“||||||||“ header_2_text_color=“#ce1b18″ custom_margin=“100px||41px||false|false“ text_font_size_tablet=“14px“ text_font_size_phone=““ text_font_size_last_edited=“on|tablet“ header_2_text_shadow_style=“none“]<\/p>\n In Haiti, France, England and Spain were in conflict with one another in changing alliances with royalists, plantation owners and the black population, which was calling for the human rights proclaimed as part of the French Revolution. In 1804, Haiti was independent. In the spring, the head of state and subsequent emperor of Haiti, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, ordered the murder of the white population. At the Spanish royal court, Goya found himself at the centre of the Spanish war party and in enlightened circles. Beltracchi captures this historical world event in Goya\u2019s artistic voice.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Wolfgang Beltracchi, 2018Das MassakerHandschrift: Francisco de Goya, Madrid\u00d6l auf Leinwand, 69,5 x 89,5 cm\u00bbAm 1. Januar 1804, nach 13 Revolutionsjahren, proklamierte Haiti seine Unabh\u00e4ngigkeit von Frankreich und wurde eine freie und unabh\u00e4ngige schwarze Nation \u2013 die erste und einzige, die zu dieser Zeit die Sklaverei dauerhaft besiegt hatte, und die zweite, die \u2013 nach den […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3893","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3893","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3893"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3893\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4352,"href":"https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3893\/revisions\/4352"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mse-kunsthalle.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3893"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
The Massacre
<\/strong>Artistic voice: Francisco de Goya, ca. 1813, Madrid
Oil on canvas, 69.5 x 89.5 cm<\/p>\n